Polymers
date2025-07-24tags:meche:
Major Polymer Categories
Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS): Thermoplastic. Allyl Resin (Allyl): Thermoset polycondensate. Cellulosic: Thermoplastic modified natural polymer substance. Epoxy: Thermoset polyadduct. Ethylene vinyl alcohol, (E/VAL), Thermoplastic polymer. Fluoroplastics, (PTFE), (FEP, PFA, CTFE, ECTFE, ETFE), Thermoplastic polymer. Ionomer, Thermoplastic polymer. Liquid Crystal Polymer, (LCP), Thermoplastic. Melamine formaldehyde, (MF), Thermoset polycondensate. Phenol-formaldehyde Plastic, (PF), (Phenolic), Thermoset polycondensate. Polyacetal, (Acetal), Thermoplastic. Polyacrylates, (Acrylic), Thermoplastic polymer. Polyacrylonitrile, (PAN), (Acrylonitrile), Thermoplastic. Polyamide, (PA), (Nylon), Thermoplastic polycondensate. Polyamide-imide, (PAI), Thermoplastic polycondensate. Polyaryletherketone, (PAEK), (Ketone), Thermoplastic polycondensate. Polybutadiene, (PBD), Thermoplastic polymer. Polybutylene, (PB), Thermoplastic polymer. Polycarbonate, (PC), Thermoplastic polycondensate. Polydicyclopentadiene, (PDCP), (PDCPD) Polyektone, (PK), Thermoplastic polycondensate. Polyester, Thermoplastic or thermoset polycondensate. Polyetheretherketone, (PEEK), Thermoplastic polycondensate. Polyetherimide, (PEI), Thermoplastic polycondensate. Polyethersulfone, (PES), Thermoplastic polycondensate. Polyethylene, (PE), Thermoplastic polymer. Polyethylenechlorinates, (PEC), Thermoplastic polymer. Polyimide, (PI), Thermoplastic or thermoset polycondensate. Polymethylpentene, (PMP), Thermoplastic polymer. Polyphenylene Oxide, (PPO), Thermoplastic polycondensate. Polyphenylene Sulfide, (PPS), Thermoplastic polycondensate. Polyphthalamide, (PTA), Thermoplastic polycondensate. Polypropylene, (PP), Thermoplastic, (crystalline), polymer. Polystyrene, (PS), Thermoplastic polymer. Polysulfone, (PSU), Thermoplastic polycondensate. Polyurethane, (PU), Thermoplastic or thermoset, (typically reinforced), polyadduct. Polyvinylchloride, (PVC), Thermoplastic polymer. Polyvinylidene Chloride, (PVDC), Thermoplastic polymer. Silicone, (SI), Thermoset polycondensate. Thermoplastic elastomers, (TPE), Thermoplastic.
Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene
Introduction
Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene (ABS) entered mass production in the 1960s.
- It is a thermoplastic.
- Applications: ABS is common in electronic housings, auto parts, consumer products, pipe fittings, waste pipes, computer housings (electroplated on the inside), and automotive interior and exterior trim.
- General properties: ABS is tough, hard, and rigid. It has good chemical resistance, dimensional stability, and creep resistance. It accepts electroplating and costs little. It has moderate mechanical strength, but it tends to stress crack. Acetone degrades (dissolves) ABS.
- Trade Name: Cycolac, Lustran.
Specific Grades of Acrylonitrile-Butadiene-Styrene
1. ABS, extrusion grade. 2. ABS, flame-retardant grades, molding and extrusion. 3. ABS, ABS / PVC, flame-retardant grades, molding and extrusion. 4. ABS, ABS / PC, flame-retardant grades, molding and extrusion. 5. ABS, ABS / Nylon. 6. ABS, ABS / PC, injection molding and extrusion. 7. ABS, injection molding grade, heat resistant. 8. ABS, injection molding grade, medium impact. 9. ABS, injection molding grade, high impact. 10. ABS, injection molding grade, platable. 11. ABS, transparent, injection molding grade. 12. ABS, 20% glass fiber reinforced, injection molding grade. 13. ABS, 30% glass fiber reinforced, injection molding grade. 14. ABS, 20% long glass fiber reinforced, injection molding grade. 15. ABS, 40% long glass fiber reinforced, injection molding grade. 16. ABS, 6% stainless steel fiber, EMI shielding (conductive). 17. ABS, 7% stainless steel fiber, EMI shielding (conductive). 18. ABS, 10% stainless steel fiber, EMI shielding (conductive). 19. ABS, 20% PAN carbon fiber, EMI shielding (conductive). 20. ABS, 20% graphite fiber, EMI shielding (conductive). 21. ABS, 40% aluminum flake, EMI shielding (conductive). 22. ABS, rubber modified, injection molding and extrusion grades.
ABS, extrusion grade.
| Mechanical Properties | | Conditions | | |
| | State 1 | State 2 | ASTM |
| Elastic Modulus (MPa) | 1035 - 2691 | compressive | | D638 |
| 897 - 2898 | tensile | | D638 |
| Flexural Modulus (MPa) | 897 - 3036 | 23 ºC | | D790 |
| Tensile Strength (MPa) | 17 - 55 | at break | | D638 |
| 30 - 50 | at yield | | D638 |
| Compressive Strength (MPa) at yield or break | 36 - 69 | | | D695 |
| Flexural Strength (MPa) at yield or break | 28 - 97 | | | D790 |
| Elongation at break (%) | 3 - 100 | | | D638 |
| Hardness | 75 - 115 | Rockwell R | | D638 |
| Izod Impact (J/cm of notch) 1/8" thick specimen unless noted | 0.8 - 6.4 | | | D256A |
| Thermal Properties | | Conditions | | |
| | Pressure | State | ASTM |
| Coef of Thermal Expansion (10-6/ºC) | 60 - 130 | | | D696 |
| Deflection Temperature (ºC) | 77 - 113 | 0.46 MPa | | D648 |
| 77 - 104 | 1.82 MPa | | D648 |
| Physical & Electrical Properties | | Conditions | |
| | State | ASTM |
| Specific Gravity | 1.02 - 1.08 | | D792 |
| Water Absorption (% weight increase) | 0.2 - 0.45 | after 24 hrs | D570 |
| Dielectric Strength (V/mil); 1/8" thick specimen unless noted | 350 - 500 | | D149 |
| Processing Properties | | Conditions | |
| | Type | ASTM |
| Melt Flow (gm/10 min) | 1 - 10 | | D1238 |
| Melting Temperature (ºC) | 88 - 120 | Tg, amorphous | |
| Processing Temperature (ºC) | 177 - 260 | extrusion | |
| Compression Ratio | 2.5 - 2.7 | | |
| Linear Mold Shrinkage (cm/cm) | 0.004 - 0.007 | | D955 |
ABS, flame-retardant grades, molding and extrusion.
| Mechanical Properties | | Conditions | | |
| | State 1 | State 2 | ASTM |
| Elastic Modulus (MPa) | 897 - 2139 | compressive | | D638 |
| 1863 - 2760 | tensile | | D638 |
| Flexural Modulus (MPa) | 2070 - 4140 | 23 ºC | | D790 |
| Tensile Strength (MPa) | 23 - 55 | at break | | D638 |
| 28 - 51 | at yield | | D638 |
| Compressive Strength (MPa) at yield or break | 45 - 52 | | | D695 |
| Flexural Strength (MPa) at yield or break | 43 - 97 | | | D790 |
| Elongation at break (%) | 2 - 80 | | | D638 |
| Hardness | 100 - 120 | Rockwell R | | D638 |
| Izod Impact (J/cm of notch) 1/8" thick specimen unless noted | 0.7 - 6.4 | | | D256A |
| Thermal Properties | | Conditions | | |
| | Pressure | State | ASTM |
| Coef of Thermal Expansion (10-6/ºC) | 65 - 95 | | | D696 |
| Deflection Temperature (ºC) | 99 - 118 | 0.46 MPa | annealed | D648 |
| 88 - 107 | 1.82 MPa | annealed | D648 |
| 70 - 83 | 1.82 MPa | unannealed | D648 |
| Physical & Electrical Properties | | Conditions | |
| | State | ASTM |
| Specific Gravity | 1.16 - 1.21 | | D792 |
| Water Absorption (% weight increase) | 0.2 - 0.6 | after 24 hrs | D570 |
| Dielectric Strength (V/mil) 1/8" thick specimen unless noted | 350 - 500 | | D149 |
| Processing Properties | | | Conditions |
| | Type | ASTM |
| Melt Flow (gm/10 min) | 1.2 - 6 | | D1238 |
| Melting Temperature (ºC) | 110 - 125 | Tg, amorphous | |
| Processing Temperature (ºC) | 193 - 260 | injection molding | |
| 177 - 260 | compression molding | |
| Molding Pressure (MPa) | 55 - 172 | | |
| Compression Ratio | 1.1 - 2 | | |
| Linear Mold Shrinkage (cm/cm) | 0.004 - 0.008 | | D955 |
ABS, ABS / PVC, flame-retardant grades, molding and extrusion.
| Mechanical Properties | | Conditions | | |
| | State 1 | State 2 | ASTM |
| Elastic Modulus (MPa) | 2243 - 2622 | tensile | | D638 |
| Flexural Modulus (MPa) | 2208 - 2760 | 23 ºC | | D790 |
| Tensile Strength (MPa) | 40 - 45 | at break | | D638 |
| 30 - 46 | at yield | | D638 |
| Flexural Strength (MPa) at yield or break | 55 - 69 | | | D790 |
| Hardness | 100 - 106 | Rockwell R | | D638 |
| 73 | Shore D | | D638 |
| Izod Impact (J/cm of notch) 1/8" thick specimen unless noted | 1.6 - 9.5 | | | D256A |
| Thermal Properties | | Conditions | | |
| | Pressure | State | ASTM |
| Coef of Thermal Expansion (10-6/ºC) | 46 - 84 | | | D696 |
| Deflection Temperature (ºC) | 76 - 93 | 1.82 MPa | annealed | D648 |
| Physical & Electrical Properties | | Conditions | |
| State | ASTM | |
| Specific Gravity | 1.13 - 1.25 | | D792 |
| Dielectric Strength (V/mil); 1/8" thick specimen unless noted | 500 | | D149 |
| Processing Properties | | Conditions | |
| | Type | ASTM |
| Melt Flow (gm/10 min) | 1.9 | | D1238 |
| Processing Temperature (ºC) | 188 - 210 | general | |
| Compression Ratio | 2 - 2.5 | | |
| Linear Mold Shrinkage (cm/cm) | 0.003 - 0.006 | | D955 |
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